Effects of the Nitric oxide donor L-argjnine on the early stages of liver damage in rats treated with CCL[4]

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nitric oxide [NO] donor L-arginine and consequently the NO on the early of liver damage and biochemical changes in rats Injected with CCL[4], Thirty two male albino rats weighing 180-220 g studied and divided into four groups. Group 1 rats were not injected or treated with any drug [control, n = 8]. Group 2 rats were injected with CCL[4] for 6 weeks [CCL[4] treated, n = 8]. Group 3 rats were injected with CCL[4] and L- arginine for 6 weeks [CCL[4]/L-argioina treated, n = 8]. Group 4 rats were injected with L-arginine and L-NAME intraperitoneal for 6 weeks [CCL[4]/L-arginine and L-NAME treated]. After 2 weeks of study, blood samples were collected for determination of activities of Alanine-transferase [ALT], aspartate amino-transferase [AST], alkaline phosphatase [AP] and the concentrations of total bilirubin. At the end of study the right lobe of liver was removed and divided into 2 pieces. The first piece used for histopathological examination by light microscopy and the second piece used for determination of NO concentration in tissue, The serum bilirubin and liver enzymes significantly increased in CCL[4] treated, and CCL[4]-L arginine and L-NANE treated groups in comparison with the control group, However, the liver enzymes were significantly in CCL[4]/L-arginine treated group in comparison with CCL[4] treated and CCL[4]/L-arginine and L-NAME treated groups. In the CCL[4] treated and CCL[4]/L-arginine and L-NAME treated groups the total nitrite [NOx] concentrations were significantly lower than in CCL[4]/untreated and CCL[4]/L-arginine treated groups. Histological Activity index Scores of the CCL[4]treated and CCL[4]/L-arginine and L-NAME treated groups were higher than in control group and CCL[4]/L-arginine treated groups. The degree of necro-inflammation and fibrosis showed significant difference between the CCL[4] and CCL[4]/L-arginine treated groups. In conclusion, the NO donor, L-arginine improved hepatic cell damage and fibrosis and positively affect serum amino transferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase mostly through increasing the concentrations of NOx in hepatic tissue

KI67 and P53 alterations in ulcerative colitis related dysplasia

Ulcerative colitis [UC] is a relapsing and remitting disease characterized by acute non-infectious inflammation and shallow ulceration with increased risk of carcinoma in long standing cases. This study was designed for application of new grading activity system. and assessement of Ki67 and P53 alterations in UC cases complicated with dysplasia. This study was performed on 99 colorectal endoscopic biopsy specimens. Sections stained with Haematoxyline and eosin were examined for the diagnostic criteria of UC. Immunohistochemistery staining for p53 and Ki67 done only for the dysplastic cases. The following lesions were diagnosed in the 99 collected cases:11 cases show chronic nonspecific colitis without fulfilling the criteria of diagnosis of ulcerative colitis.88 cases were diagnosed as ulcerative colitis and its related dysplasia, they include: 63 cases UC with no associated dyspiasia, 25 cases UC with dysplasia divided into: a] 12 cases as indefinite for dysplasia. b] 6 cases with low grade dysplasia, c] 3 cases with high grade dysplasia, and d] 4 cases lost during immunohistochemical preparation. UC grading system of activity should be applied in UC cases to evaluate the present activity and so the treatment, UC cases with dysplasia must have routine immunohistochemistery staining of both P53 and Ki67 to evaluate the type of dyspiasia especially indefinite for dyspiasia. Low grade dyspiasia show positive staining for both P53 and Ki 67 in lower two thirds of crypt epithelium, while high grade dyspiasia show positive staining for both P53 and Ki 67 in the whole crypt epithelium